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General information
The trend of this site is medical and informative,
the site is shared up in two disciplines : Neurology and Cardiology.
The discipline of Neurology will focus on Multiple Sclerosis and the medicines,
supplemented with research methods.
The same applies to the discipline of Cardiology.
ms and.....stem cell?
It appears that stem cell therapy for MS patients is not useful for the time being. There is too little experience and the treatment is still in its infancy. The benefits do not outweigh the disadvantages. There is a International research program into the potential use of neural stem cells to treat Parkinson's disease and MS.General information Neurology
Neurology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
Specifically, it deals with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of disease involving the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems,
including their coverings, blood vessels, and all effector tissue, such as muscle. The corresponding surgical specialty is neurosurgery.
A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology, and is trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat,
neurological disorders. Pediatric neurologists treat neurological disease in children.
Neurologists may also be involved in clinical research, clinical trials, as well as basic research and translational research.
In the United Kingdom, contributions to the field of neurology stem from various professions; saliently, several biomedical research scientists are choosing to specialize in the technical/laboratory aspects of one of neurology's subdisciplines.
Multiple sclerosis
Main symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
Multiple sclerosis can cause a variety of symptoms, including paranoid delusions, changes in sensation (hypoesthesia), muscle weakness, abnormal muscle spasms, or difficulty to move; difficulties with coordination and balance.
Problems in speech (Dysarthria) or swallowing (Dysphagia), visual problems (Nystagmus, optic neuritis, or diplopia), fatigue and acute or chronic pain syndromes, bladder and bowel difficulties, cognitive impairment, or emotional symptomatology (mainly major depression).
The main clinical measure of disability progression and severity of the symptoms is the Expanded Disability Status Scale or EDSS. The initial attacks are often transient, mild (or asymptomatic), and self-limited. They often do not prompt a health care visit and sometimes are only identified in retrospect once the diagnosis has been made based on further attacks.
The most common initial symptoms reported are: changes in sensation in the arms, legs or face (33%), complete or partial vision loss (optic neuritis) (20%), weakness (13%), double vision (7%), unsteadiness when walking (5%), and balance problems (3%); but many rare initial symptoms have been reported such as aphasia or psychosis. Fifteen percent of individuals have multiple symptoms when they first seek medical attention.
For some people the initial MS attack is preceded by infection, trauma, or strenuous physical effort.
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hematology [ haematology ]
Hematology, also spelled as haematology is the branch of internal medicine, physiology, pathology, clinical laboratory work, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases.
Hematology includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases.
The laboratory work that goes into the study of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist.
Hematologists physicians also very frequently do further study in oncology - the medical treatment of cancer.
Blood diseases affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, the mechanism of coagulation, etc.
Physicians specialized in hematology are known as hematologists.
Their routine work mainly includes the care and treatment of patients with hematological diseases, although some may also work at the hematology laboratory viewing blood films and bone marrow slides under the microscope, interpreting various hematological test results.
In some institutions, hematologists also manage the hematology laboratory.
Physicians who work in hematology laboratories, and most commonly manage them, are pathologists specialized in the diagnosis of hematological diseases, referred to as hematopathologists.
Hematologists and hematopathologists generally work in conjunction to formulate a diagnosis and deliver the most appropriate therapy if needed.
Hematology is a distinct subspecialty of internal medicine, separate from but overlapping with the subspecialty of medical oncology.
Hematologists may specialize further or have special interests, for example in: treating bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura treating hematological malignacies such as lymphoma and leukemia treating hemoglobinopathies in the science of blood transfusion and the work of a blood bank in bone marrow and stem cell transplantation only some blood disorders can be cured.
More about laboratory bloodtests on this site.
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Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency
Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is a syndrome, classified by the International Union of Phlebology as a truncular malformation , in which the flow of blood in the veins draining the central nervous system (CNS) is compromised. It has been proposed to promote the development of multiple sclerosis.The reported blood flow compromises involve both reduced and intermittently reversed (reflux) flow velocities in the cerebral veins, altering the blood-brain barrier, and are reportedly associated with stenosis of the jugular and azygos veins. Such a vascular picture was described by Paolo Zamboni in 2008, who also reported an association of CCSVI with multiple sclerosis (MS). The hypothesis has generated optimism among people with MS regarding effective treatment options. Research efforts are underway to clarify the CCSVI hypothesis.
History
Paolo Zamboni described CCSVI in 2008.This syndrome was described in 2008 by Paolo Zamboni, one of the main defenders of its relationship with multiple sclerosis. CCSVI had a high sensitivity and specificity differentiating healthy individuals from those with multiple sclerosis. It was soon followed by small open-label study which reported a positive effect of angioplasty in MS patients with CCSVI by the same research group.
The first international symposium took place in 2009, at Bologna, Italy. Venous stenosis due to developmental abnormalities was established as the primary cause of CCSVI by the International Union of Phlebology. In 2010 there were conflicting results when evaluating the relationship between MS and CCSVI.
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